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Calculator · Upper GI bleed — mortality risk
Rockall Score (pre-endoscopy)
The pre-endoscopy (initial) Rockall uses age, shock and comorbidity, scoring 0–7. The full score adds endoscopic diagnosis and stigmata of recent haemorrhage, to a maximum of 11. Rockall predicts mortality; Blatchford predicts need for intervention — they…
What it asks
| Criterion | Points |
|---|---|
| Age | Under 60 — 0 60 – 79 — 1 80 or over — 2 |
| Shock | No shock — SBP ≥ 100, pulse < 100 — 0 Tachycardia — SBP ≥ 100, pulse ≥ 100 — 1 Hypotension — SBP < 100 — 2 |
| Comorbidity | No major comorbidity — 0 Cardiac failure, ischaemic heart disease, or other major comorbidity — 2 Renal failure, liver failure, or disseminated malignancy — 3 |
How to read the score
| Score | Means | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Low risk | Pre-endoscopy score of 0 identifies a low-risk group. Still requires endoscopy, but early discharge pathways may apply — check locally. |
| 1–4 | Intermediate risk | Admit for endoscopy within 24 hours. IV access, group and save, and monitor closely. |
| 5–7 | High risk | Substantial mortality risk. Senior involvement, urgent endoscopy and consideration of critical care. |
Before you use it
This is the pre-endoscopy score only. Do not compare it against thresholds published for the full post-endoscopy score.
Source: Rockall et al, Gut 1996 / NICE CG141
Checked, and shown
Every threshold on this page was checked against its primary source by a practising doctor. Here is what that involved, and what it found.